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Striation Database Help File |
Introduction
Table 1. Variables in the striation database
Symbology
Disclaimer
Recommended Citation
References
Sources
Contact
(based on publications by M.J. Batterson and D.M. Taylor)
The favoured method of delineating ice flow is by mapping striations on bedrock (Batterson and Liverman, 2001). Striations are excellent indicators of ice flow as they are formed by the direct action of moving ice. Data from individual striations should be treated with caution, as ice-flow patterns can show considerable local variation where ice flow was deflected by local topography. Regional flow patterns can only be deduced after examining numerous striated sites. The orientation of ice flow can easily be discerned from a striation by measuring its azimuth. Determination of the direction of flow can be made by observing the striation pattern over the outcrop. For example, areas in the lee of ice flow may not be striated. The presence of such features as 'nail-head' striations, miniature crag-and-tails (rat-tails), and the morphology of the bedrock surface may all show the effects of sculpturing by ice (Iverson, 1991). At many sites, the direction of ice flow is unclear and only the overall orientation of ice flow (e.g., north or south) can be deduced. Where striations representing separate flow events are found, the age relationships are based on crosscutting striation sets, and preservation of older striations in the lee of younger striations.
In 1989, the
Terrain Sciences Section of the Department of Mines and Energy Geological Survey initiated a
project to acquire and compile striation data for the
This database contains information (see Table 1) obtained from a variety of sources including published and unpublished reports, maps
and field notes from provincial and federal geologists. New field work will
continue in areas previously unmapped and in areas where confirmation of
existing data is required. This database will be updated as new data is
released. To help with analysis, the surficial geology (regional and detailed)
can be turned on as well, through the Surficial Geology group of the
Geoscience Atlas.
There may be numerous striations and associated structures mapped at a site. To reduce the number of symbols
plotted at one site the 'Plot' field is used to prioritize which symbols are plotted.
The Geoscience Atlas displays the
more significant striations where Plot=1 or 2. To view all data (including
Plot=3) download the dataset (on the Atlas, go to Tools > Download) and plot all the data.
Table 1. Variables in the striation database
(note that -9 in numeric fields indicates no observation).
|
STRIATION ATTRIBUTES
| |
|
VARIABLE |
DESCRIPTION |
|
NTS_Map |
NTS 1:50,000 map sheet
designation |
|
UTMEast |
UTM Easting coordinate
(m) |
|
UTMNorth |
UTM Northing coordinate
(m) |
|
UTMZone |
UTM zone (19 to 22) |
|
Datum |
Datum for UTM coordinates (NAD27) |
|
Long_NAD27 |
Longitude based on NAD27 |
|
Lat_NAD27 |
Latitude based on NAD27
|
|
Site_Num |
Site identifier (ID to
link ALL observations at a site; e.g. samples, striations) |
|
Geologist |
Geologist who recorded
the striation information |
|
Year_ |
Year of field work |
|
Elev_m |
Elevation of sample site
(metres amsl) |
|
Site_Qual |
Quality of outcrop
exposure (i.e. poor, fair, good) |
|
Structure |
Structure on which the
azimuth is determined (e.g. striations, grooves, crescentic chattermarks) |
|
Struc_Conf |
Confidence of structure
(i.e. low, moderate, high) |
|
Sense |
Orientation of structure,
nondirectional (e.g. 080-260) |
|
Azimuth |
Orientation of striation,
directional (e.g. 80) |
|
Range |
Plus/minus degrees of
variation of the azimuth (e.g. 1 to 30) |
|
Direction |
'known' or 'unknown'
(indicates which symbol is used to plot striation) |
|
Basis |
Basis on which the known
directions are determined (e.g. crag and tail, stossed) |
|
Dir_Conf |
Directional confidence
(i.e. low, moderate, high) |
|
SurfOrient |
Orientation of striated
outcrop surface (e.g. flat, east, southwest) |
|
Location |
Location of striation on
the outcrop (e.g. top, side) |
|
Distributn |
Widespread or local
patches of striations (i.e. wide, local) |
|
Pct_Cover |
Approximate percent of
outcrop which contains striations |
|
Rel_Age |
Relative age of
striations (e.g. 1, 2, 3 where 1 represents the oldest) |
|
Age_Basis |
Basis on which the
relative age is assessed (e.g. cross cutting, preserved in the lee) |
|
Age_Conf |
Confidence of relative
age (i.e. low, moderate, high) |
|
Plot |
Used to determine which
records to plot at certain scales (1 at 1:250k; 1 and 2 at 1:50k;
3=overprints, don't plot) |
|
Striae_Com |
Comments on the
striations |
|
Site_Com |
Comments on the site |
|
Unique_ID |
ID to link striation
information with till geochemistry or surficial geology sites (combination
of NTS, Year and Site number) |
|
Reference |
Geofile number providing bibliographic information on report |
To symbolize the striation symbols, please download this zip file containing the 'Geoman' font set and copy it to the Windows\Fonts folder.
Open File reports, maps and digital data issued
by the Geological Survey Division of the
The Geological
Survey (the "authors and publishers") retains the sole right to the
original data and information found in any product produced. The authors and
publishers assume no legal liability or responsibility for any alterations,
changes or misrepresentations made by third parties with respect to these
products or the original data. Furthermore, the Geological Survey assumes no
liability with respect to digital reproductions or copies of original products
or for derivative products made by third parties. Please consult with the
Geological Survey in order to ensure originality and correctness of data and/or
products.
RECOMMENDED CITATION
(for
downloaded database)
Newfoundland and Labrador Geological Survey.
"Striation Database" Newfoundland and
Labrador GeoScience Atlas OnLine.
Last update: [check the What's New
file].
https://geoatlas.gov.nl.ca. [fill in date downloaded].
The original source should be referenced wherever possible. Please refer to the Source citations below or the Geofiles, to search for the pertinent reports and maps.
Batterson, M.J. and Liverman, D.G.E.
2001: The contrasting styles of glacial dispersal in
Iverson, N.R.
1991: Morphology of glacial striae: Implications for
abrasion of glacier beds and fault surfaces. Geological Society of America
Bulletin, Volume 103, pages 1308-1316.
Liverman, D.G.E. and Taylor D.M.
1990: Surficial Geology of Insular
All open files are published by the Geological Survey of Newfoundland and
More recent publications are available on-line as pdf files, and are linked from the citation.
Alley, D.W. and Slatt, R.M.
1975: Drift
Prospecting and Glacial Geology in the
Alley, D.W.
1975: Drift
Prospecting and Glacial Geology in the
Baird, D.M.
1951: Geology of
the Burlington Peninsula, Newfoundland. Geological Survey of
1958:
Baird, D.M. and Neale, E.R.W.
1958:
Batterson, M.J. and
1990: Glacial
History of the
Batterson, M.J. and Vatcher, S.
1991: Quaternary geology of the Gander (NTS 2D/15) map area. In Current Research. Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Survey Branch, Report 91-1, pages 1-12. (pdf - 3.37mb)
Batterson, M.J., St. Croix, L., Taylor, D.M. and Vatcher, S.V.
1991: Ice Flow Indicators, Gander Map Sheet, 2D/15. scale 1:50,000. Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Survey Branch. Open file 2D/15 (234). Map 91-02.
Brookes, I.A.
1973:
Late-Wisconsin Glaciation of Southwestern
1989: Glaciation of Bonavista Peninsula. Northeast Newfoundland. In Canadian Geographer. Vol. 33, no. 1, pages 2-18.
Brushett, D.
2011: Till geochemistry of the Gander Lake and Gambo Map Areas [NTS 2D/16 and 2C/13]. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Department of Natural Resources, Geological Survey, Open File NFLD/3134, 110 pages. (pdf - 9.95mb)
1984: Geoscience studies in the Weirs Pond Area Northeast of
Gander, Newfoundland. In Current Research. Newfoundland Department of
Mines and Energy, Mineral Development Division, Report 84-1, pages 271-278.
Catto, N.R.
1992: Surficial Geology and Landform Classification of the
Southwestern Portion of the Avalon Peninsula,
Catto, N.R.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the
Trepassey Map sheet (NTS 1K/11), Memorial University of
Newfoundland. Scale 1:50,000. 001K/026, Map 93-85.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the Biscay
Bay Map sheet (NTS 1K/14), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale 1:50,000.
001K/028, Map 93-86.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the Renews
Map sheet (NTS 1K/15), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale 1:50,000.
001K/027, Map 93-87.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the St.
Catherines Map sheet (NTS 1N/03), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale
1:50,000. 001N/531, Map 93-88.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the
Ferryland Map sheet (NTS 1N/02), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale
1:50,000. 001N/536, Map 93-167.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the
Holyrood Map sheet (NTS 1N/06), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale
1:50,000. 001N/529, Map 93-89.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the Bay
Bulls Map sheet (NTS 1N/07), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale
1:50,000. 001N/530, Map 93-90.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the Harbour
Grace Map sheet (NTS 1N/11), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale
1:50,000. 001N/535, Map 93-166.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the
Sunnyside Map sheet (NTS 1N/13), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale
1:50,000. 001N/533, Map 93-91.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the Heart's
Content Map sheet (NTS 1N/14), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale
1:50,000. 001N/532, Map 93-92.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the Bay de
Verde Map sheet (NTS 2C/02), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale
1:50,000. 002C/062, Map 93-93.
1993: Surficial geology and landform classification of the Old
Perlican Map sheet (NTS 2C/03), Memorial University of Newfoundland. Scale
1:50,000. 002C/063, Map 93-94.
Cooper, J.R.
1954: La Poile - Cinq Cerf map area,
Dickson, W.L., Blackwood, R.F., Delaney, P.W. and
1984a: Ramea Map Area (11P/11),
Dickson, W.L., Blackwood, R.F., Delaney, P.W. and
1984b: La Hune (11P/10),
Dickson,W.L.
1985: Geology of
the
Dickson,W.L.
1987: Geology of
the Hungry Grove Pond Map Area (N.T.S. 1M/14),
Dickson,W.L.
1990: Geology of
the
Environmental Geology Section
1983: Open file
consists of site maps and field maps from all surficial and glacial mapping and
aggregate resource mapping project areas. Open file NFLD (1267), LAB (598).
Gillis, J.W.
1972: Geology of
the Port Aux Basques
Grant, D.R.
1974: Surficial Geology Map Series- Island of Newfoundland; Ramea,
11P/12 Burgeo, 11P/13 Peter Snout, 11P/14 White Bear River, 12G/8 Trout River,
1: 50,000. Geological Survey of
Grant, D.R.
1986: Surficial Geology of the
1986: Surficial Geology, Port
1989: Surficial Geology,
1991: Surficial Geology, Stephenville - Port aux Basques,
Hayes, J.J.
1951a:
Preliminary Map,
1951b: Preliminary Map,
1959: Surficial Geology -
1972: Surficial Geology of the
Hornbrook, E.H.W.,
1975: Regional
and detailed geochemical exploration studies in glaciated terrain in
Jenness, S.E.
1963: Terra Nova
and Bonavista Map Areas,
Kalliokoski, J.
1955: Gull Pond,
Klassen, R.A.
1994: A
preliminary interpretation of glacial history derived from glacial striations,
central
Liverman, D.G.E. and
1989a: Quaternary
geology of the
1989b: Ice flow indicators on the
Liverman, D.G.E.,
1990. Ice flow
indicators,
Liverman, D.G.E. and Taylor D.M.
1990: Surficial Geology of Insular
Liverman, D.G.E. and Scott, S.
1990: Quaternary
geology, King's Point map sheet (NTS 12H/9). In Current Research.
Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Survey Branch, Report
90-1, pages 27-38.
Liverman, D.G.E., Scott, S. and Vatcher, H.
1991: Quaternary
Geology of the
McCartney,W.D.
1952: Preliminary
Map,
1956: Preliminary
Map,
Mihychuk, M.
1985: Drift
prospecting in the Victoria and Tally Pond areas, central
1986: Quaternary
mapping and exploration in the Bellburns map area (12I/5 and 6) and Trapper
prospect areas. In Current Research.
Neale, E.R.W., Nash, W.A. and Innes, G.M.
1960: King's
Point,
Neale, E.R.W. and Nash, W.A.
1963:
Proudfoot, D.N.
1988: Quaternary
Geology of the
Proudfoot, D.N. and
1987: Quaternary
Geology of the Bellburns (12I/5 and 6) map area. In Current Research.
Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Mineral Development Division,
Report 87-1, pages 11-21.
1990: Ice Flow
Indicators on the
Proudfoot, D.N., Scott, S., St. Croix, L. and
1990: Quaternary
geology of the Burnt Hill (NTS 2D/5) -
Proudfoot, D.N., St. Croix, L., Scott, S.,
1988: Glacial
Striations in Southeastern
Riley, G.C., Barnes, F.Q. and Smith C.H.
1962: Geology of
Rose, E.R.
1952: Torbay map - area,
Scott, S., Liverman, D.G.E., and
1990: Ice Flow
Indicators, King's Point Map Sheet. (12H/9). Newfoundland
Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Survey Branch. Open file 12H/9
(1117), map 89-146.
Slipp, R.M.
1952: The Geology
of the Round Pond Map Area
Smith, J.S., Batterson, M. J and Taylor, D. M.
2009: Till geochemistry of the south side of the Red Indian Lake basin [NTS map sheets 12A/6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 15 and 16]. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Department of Natural Resources, Geological Survey, Open File 12A/1449 , 152 pages. (pdf - 46.5mb)
Sparkes, B.G.
1981:
1982: Surficial and glacial mapping, Snowshoe Pond, Central
Volcanic Belt,
1983: Surficial and glacial mapping of the Buchans map area
(12A/15),
1984a: Surficial and glacial mapping of the east half of the Great
Gull Pond map area (12H/1),
1984b: Surficial and glacial geology, central
1984c: Glacial
geology and till geochemistry of the Buchans map area,
1985: Quaternary
mapping Central Volcanic Belt. In Current Research. Newfoundland
Department of Mines and Energy, Mineral Development Division, Report 85-1, pages
94-98.
1987a: Quaternary
mapping - La Poile (11O/9) and La Poile River map areas, southwestern
1987b: Landform
classification maps for NTS 11O/9, 16, 11P/13, 12A/4. Newfoundland Department of Mines and
Energy, Mineral Development Division. Open file NFLD (1574). Scale 1:50,000.
1989: Quaternary
geology of southwestern
Sparkes, B.G. and Neuland, S.M.
1986: Surficial and glacial mapping - Peter Snout (11P/13), and
King George 4 Lake (12A/4) map areas, southwestern
Sparkes, B.G. and Vanderveer, D.G.
1980: Badger -
Grand Falls area, surficial and glacial mapping,
St. Croix, L. and
1990: Ice flow in
north-central
1991a: Regional
Striation Survey and Deglacial History of the Notre Dame Bay Area,
1991b: Ice Flow
Indicators, Botwood Map Sheet, 2E/3. Scale 1:50,000. Newfoundland Department of
Mines and Energy, Geological Survey Branch. Open file 2E/3 (769). Map 91-09.
1991d: Ice Flow
Indicators, Point Leamington Map Sheet, 2E/6. Scale 1:50,000. Newfoundland
Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Survey Branch. Open file 2E/6 (770).
Map 91-10.
1991c: Ice Flow
Indicators, Comfort Cove Map Sheet, 2E/7. Scale 1:50,000. Newfoundland
Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Survey Branch. Open file 2E/7 (771).
Map 91-11.
1989: Glacial
striations in north-central
1990: Ice-flow
indicators in the
1991a: Ice Flow
Indicators,
1991b: Ice Flow
Indicators,
Tucker, C.M.
1973: The Glacial
Geomorphology of West -
Vanderveer, D.G.
1975a: Surficial and glacial mapping, southwestern
1975b: Surficial and glacial mapping,
1976: The surficial geology of the
1977a: Surficial and glacial geology; and gravel resource inventory,
1977b: Surficial and glacial geology; and gravel resource inventory of
southwestern
1981: Quaternary
mapping - upper
1982: Preliminary
glacial mapping of the Ackley granite - south half. In Current Research.
Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Mineral Development Division,
Report 82-1, pages 233-236.
1983: Surficial and glacial geology reconnaissance survey of part of the
Great Gull Pond map area (12H/1),
1987a: Landform classification maps for the Deer Lake- Hampden area (NTS
12H/3, 6, 10, 11). Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Mineral
Development Division. Open file 12H (945). Scale 1:50,000.
1987b: Landform classification maps covering NTS 12B/7, 9, 10, 11, and
12A/13. Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Mineral Development
Division. Open file NFLD (1576). Scale 1:50,000.
1987c: Landform classification maps for NTS areas 2E/8, 2F4, 5. Newfoundland Department of Mines and
Energy, Mineral Development Division. Open file NFLD (1682). Scale 1:50,000.
1987d: Landform classification maps for the Ackley area (NTS 1M/10, 11,
14 and 15). Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Mineral Development
Division. Open file 1M (250). Scale 1:50,000.
Vanderveer, D.G. and Cornish, J.
1977: Surficial and glacial geology; and gravel resource inventory of the
Avalon Isthmus area,
Vanderveer, D.G. and Sparkes, B.G.
1978: Surficial and glacial mapping. In Report of
Activities. Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Mineral Development
Division, Report 78-1, pages 179-182.
1979a:
1979b:
Geochemistry of glacial till samples from the
1980:
Geochemistry of glacial till samples from the Badger (12A/16) and Grand Falls
(2D/13) map areas,
Vanderveer, D.G. and
1987a: Quaternary
mapping - glacial dispersal studies, Sops Arm Area
1987b: Quaternary
mapping in the
Vanderveer, D.G.,
1987: Landform
Classification Maps for the
Williams, H.
1965:
1971: Burgeo Area, (East Half, 11P), Map Area. Geological Survey of
_______________________________
Dave Taylor
Project Geologist
Terrain Sciences and Geoscience Data Section
Geological Survey Division, Mining and Mineral Development Branch
Government of Newfoundland and Labrador
P.O. Box
8700,
t. (709) 729-5624
email: davetaylor@gov.nl.ca
email: GeoscienceOnline@gov.nl.ca
(Help File updated: April 2021)
(Database last updated: check the What's New file)